# What is beneficial ownership reporting? — Robo Company Secretary
URL: https://robocompanysecretary.com/answers/beneficial-ownership-reporting/

## What is beneficial ownership reporting?

Last updated: 20 September 2026 Answer from Robo Company Secretary How we write answers

Every company must identify the individuals who ultimately own or control it — as a rule of thumb, anyone holding 20% or more, or otherwise exercising control — record them in a beneficial-ownership register, and lodge the information with SSM, keeping it current within statutory deadlines when things change. Nominee arrangements don't exempt anyone: the real owner is declared regardless.

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Sources: Companies Act 2016 (BO provisions) SSM BO guidelines

Also asked as: BO reporting ssm; beneficial owner declaration; pemilik benefisial; ultimate owner disclosure.

Routine BO upkeep sits inside our retainer; complex chains — foreign parents, layered holdings, trusts — take genuine analysis and are quoted as their own piece of work.

### Key facts

- Register + lodgement with SSM; keep current
- ≥20% ownership or control = reportable
- Nominees don't shield the real owner

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### Related questions

- Is beneficial ownership filing included in the retainer?
- Can I hold shares for someone else as a nominee?
- Can shares be owned by a foreign company?

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